Author name: Neurad Diagnostic

A palpable lump, a suspicious thyroid nodule on scan, an enlarged lymph node, or a breast mass seen on mammography — all of these require tissue sampling for definitive diagnosis. The USG Guided FNAC and Biopsy service at Neurad Diagnostics in Delhi provides the most direct, safe, and accurate route to tissue diagnosis for superficial and ultrasound-visible lesions. Using real-time high-resolution ultrasound to guide needle placement with pinpoint precision, our experienced team delivers highly accurate tissue samples while minimizing patient discomfort and risk. This comprehensive guide explains everything about this procedure and Biopsy in Delhi. According to the American College of Radiology (ACR), ultrasound-guided FNAC and biopsy are the recommended standard for sampling thyroid nodules, lymph nodes, and superficial masses. The American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines specifically recommend ultrasound-guided FNAC for all thyroid nodules meeting biopsy criteria. ultrasound guided biopsy at Neurad Diagnostics Delhi — Real-time ultrasound-guided tissue sampling Table of Contents What Is USG Guided FNAC and Biopsy? USG Guided FNAC vs. Core Needle Biopsy Why Doctors Recommend USG Guided FNAC and Biopsy Organs and Lesions Diagnosed by USG Guided FNAC and Biopsy Who Needs USG Guided FNAC or Biopsy? Symptoms That Lead to USG Guided FNAC and Biopsy How this test and Biopsy Works Preparation Before USG Guided FNAC and Biopsy Step-by-Step the FNAC Procedure at Neurad Diagnostics Advantages of Ultrasound Guided Tissue Sampling Accuracy and Success Rate Safety and Complication Profile Cost of USG Guided FNAC and Biopsy in Delhi NCR Why Choose Neurad Diagnostics for USG Guided FNAC and Biopsy in Delhi? Frequently Asked Questions About ultrasound guided biopsy and Biopsy 1. What is the difference between USG guided FNAC and blind FNAC? 2. Is ultrasound guided FNAC of thyroid painful? 3. How many needle passes are needed in USG guided FNAC? 4. Can USG guided biopsy detect lymphoma? 5. Do I need to rest after the FNAC? 6. Can ultrasound guided biopsy be done for breast cancer? 7. What happens to the tissue sample after USG guided biopsy? 8. Is breast core biopsy better than surgical biopsy? 9. Can I get FNAC and biopsy done on the same day? 10. Where can I get USG guided FNAC biopsy near me in Delhi NCR? Conclusion — Book Your USG Guided FNAC / Biopsy at Neurad Diagnostics Delhi What Is USG Guided FNAC and Biopsy? this test (Ultrasound Guided Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology) and USG Guided Core Needle Biopsy are interventional procedures that use real-time ultrasound imaging to precisely guide a needle to a target lesion for tissue sampling. Ultrasound guidance allows the radiologist to see the needle tip in real time as it approaches the target lesion, ensuring accurate sampling while avoiding blood vessels and critical structures. Compared to CT guidance, ultrasound guidance has the advantage of being completely radiation-free, more cost-effective, and highly efficient for superficial or intra-abdominal lesions that are well-visualized on ultrasound. It is the guidance method of choice for thyroid nodules, lymph nodes, breast masses, liver lesions, and other superficial/ultrasound-visible structures. At Neurad Diagnostics in Delhi, USG guided procedures are performed by highly experienced interventional radiologists using state-of-the-art high-resolution ultrasound systems. USG Guided FNAC vs. Core Needle Biopsy Understanding the difference between these two procedures helps patients and physicians choose the right approach: the FNAC: Uses a very thin needle (22-25 gauge, the size of a standard blood draw needle) to aspirate a small number of cells from the lesion. This is a cytological procedure — the aspirated cells are spread on glass slides and examined by a cytopathologist. FNAC is very quick, minimally invasive, requires no anaesthesia (or minimal local anaesthesia), and has an excellent safety profile. It is ideal for thyroid nodules, superficial lymph nodes, parotid gland, breast masses (especially cysts), and soft tissue lesions. The main limitation is that it provides only cellular material, which may be insufficient for diagnoses requiring tissue architecture assessment or extensive molecular profiling. USG Guided Core Needle Biopsy (CNB): Uses a spring-loaded cutting needle (14-20 gauge) to obtain a small core of tissue that preserves the architecture of the lesion. This is a histopathological procedure — the tissue core is processed, sectioned, and stained for examination. CNB provides material suitable for IHC, receptor profiling (ER/PR/HER2 for breast), molecular mutation testing (EGFR, ALK for lung), and lymphoma subtyping. It requires local anaesthesia but is still an outpatient, day-care procedure. CNB is preferred for breast cancer (ER/PR/HER2 profiling), liver biopsies, lymphoma, and any situation requiring molecular characterization. Why Doctors Recommend USG Guided FNAC and Biopsy Endocrinologists, oncologists, surgeons, and other specialists recommend the procedure and Biopsy in Delhi because ultrasound guidance transforms what would otherwise be a blind or inaccurate sampling attempt into a precise, visualized, and reliable procedure. For thyroid nodules specifically, blind aspiration carries a significantly higher inadequate sample rate than ultrasound guided FNAC — which has become the universal standard of care. For breast lesions, ultrasound guided core biopsy has replaced most open surgical biopsies, reducing patient morbidity dramatically. In modern oncology, the shift toward precision medicine means that tissue diagnosis must provide not just a cancer confirmation but a complete molecular characterization — receptor status, mutation profile, PD-L1 expression — to guide targeted therapy selection. Ultrasound guided core needle biopsy provides the high-quality tissue samples necessary for this comprehensive molecular testing at Neurad Diagnostics in Delhi. Organs and Lesions Diagnosed by USG Guided FNAC and Biopsy Thyroid Nodules: this procedure is the standard evaluation for thyroid nodules ≥ 1 cm (per ATA/TIRADS guidelines) Lymph Nodes: Cervical, axillary, inguinal, and intra-abdominal lymph nodes Breast Masses: Palpable and non-palpable (detected on mammography or breast ultrasound) Liver Lesions: Hepatocellular carcinoma, metastases, benign lesions Kidney Lesions: Renal cell carcinoma, complex cysts Salivary Gland Lesions: Parotid, submandibular gland masses Soft Tissue Masses Pancreatic lesions (with endoscopic ultrasound or when transabdominal access possible) Superficial muscle and subcutaneous lesions Scrotal and testicular lesions Pleural lesions and effusions Who Needs USG Guided FNAC or Biopsy? Your doctor may refer you for ultrasound guided biopsy or Biopsy in Delhi in

When imaging studies reveal a suspicious lesion or mass in the body, the definitive next step is usually a biopsy — obtaining a tissue sample for pathological analysis. The CT Guided Biopsy, available at Neurad Diagnostics in Delhi, is one of the most accurate, safe, and minimally invasive methods for obtaining tissue from lesions deep inside the body that cannot be reached safely by other means. Whether it is a lung nodule, liver mass, abdominal lymph node, or spinal lesion, this procedure allows our expert interventional team to deliver a precise needle to the exact target — without major surgery. This guide explains everything patients need to know about the biopsy and FNAC in Delhi. According to the Society of Interventional Radiology (SIR), CT guided biopsy is a safe and highly effective procedure for tissue diagnosis across all body regions. The Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) endorses image-guided biopsy as the standard of care for accessible lesion sampling. CT Guided Biopsy at Neurad Diagnostics Delhi — Precision tissue sampling under CT guidance Table of Contents What Is CT Guided Biopsy? CT Guided Biopsy vs. CT Guided FNAC Why Doctors Recommend CT Guided Biopsy Conditions Diagnosed by CT Guided Biopsy Who Needs CT Guided Biopsy? Symptoms and Findings That Lead to CT Guided Biopsy How CT Guided Biopsy Works Preparation Before this procedure Step-by-Step the biopsy Procedure at Neurad Diagnostics Advantages of CT Guided Biopsy Accuracy and Success Rate Safety and Complication Profile Cost of CT Guided Biopsy in Delhi NCR Why Choose Neurad Diagnostics for CT Guided Biopsy in Delhi? Frequently Asked Questions About this test 1. Is CT guided biopsy the same as a surgical biopsy? 2. Can CT guided biopsy be done for any body part? 3. Will I need to stop blood thinners before the biopsy? 4. How long will I be at the hospital/center for this procedure? 5. When will I get the biopsy results? 6. Is the biopsy suitable for lung nodules? 7. Can this test diagnose tuberculosis? 8. Does CT guided biopsy cause cancer to spread? 9. Can I eat after the procedure? 10. Where can I get this procedure near me in Delhi NCR? Conclusion — Book Your the biopsy at Neurad Diagnostics Delhi What Is CT Guided Biopsy? CT Guided Biopsy is an interventional radiology procedure in which real-time CT (Computed Tomography) imaging is used to precisely navigate a biopsy needle to a target lesion within the body. The interventional radiologist uses serial CT images to visualize the exact position of the needle tip in relation to the target lesion and surrounding critical structures, adjusting its trajectory in real time until the needle is optimally positioned. A tissue core sample (biopsy) or fine needle aspirate (FNAC) is then obtained from the lesion for pathological analysis. CT guidance is particularly valuable for accessing lesions that are deep within the body, are not visible on ultrasound, are located near critical structures (blood vessels, nerves), or require very precise needle placement for safety. Lesions in the lung, liver, pancreas, kidney, adrenal gland, retroperitoneum, spine, mediastinum, and bone are commonly biopsied under CT guidance. At Neurad Diagnostics in Delhi, our experienced interventional team performs the procedure as a same-day, outpatient or short-stay procedure. CT Guided Biopsy vs. CT Guided FNAC Two types of needle sampling are performed under CT guidance at Neurad Diagnostics: CT Guided FNAC (Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology) uses a very thin needle (22-25 gauge) to aspirate a small number of cells from a lesion. It is less invasive and carries a lower bleeding risk. However, it provides only cytological (cellular) material, which may be insufficient for certain diagnoses requiring tissue architecture assessment. CT Guided Core Biopsy (Trucut Biopsy) uses a larger cutting needle (14-20 gauge) to obtain a core of tissue that preserves histological architecture. This provides a richer tissue sample suitable for histopathology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), molecular profiling, and genomic testing — all increasingly essential for modern targeted cancer therapy selection. The choice between FNAC and core biopsy depends on the lesion location, size, patient factors, and clinical requirements. Why Doctors Recommend CT Guided Biopsy Oncologists, pulmonologists, hepatologists, and other specialists refer patients for the biopsy in Delhi because it is the most reliable way to establish a definitive tissue diagnosis without major surgery. In the modern era of cancer treatment, accurate tissue diagnosis is essential not just to confirm malignancy, but to identify: Cancer type and subtype (adenocarcinoma vs. squamous cell carcinoma vs. SCLC, etc.) Immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers (ER/PR/HER2 for breast cancer, PDL-1 for immunotherapy) Molecular mutations (EGFR, ALK, ROS1, KRAS, BRAF, etc.) for targeted therapy NGS (Next Generation Sequencing) profiling for comprehensive genomic analysis Lymphoma subtyping requiring tissue architecture Non-malignant diagnoses including infections (TB, fungal), sarcoidosis, and autoimmune conditions Conditions Diagnosed by CT Guided Biopsy Lung Cancer: Lung nodules, masses, and mediastinal lymph nodes Liver Lesions: Hepatocellular carcinoma, liver metastases, cholangiocarcinoma, benign lesions Pancreatic Cancer: Pancreatic masses and lymph nodes Kidney Tumors: Renal cell carcinoma vs. benign oncocytoma Adrenal Lesions: Adrenal metastases vs. adenoma Lymphoma: Lymph node and extranodal lymphoma Bone Lesions: Primary bone tumors and bone metastases Retroperitoneal Masses Spinal Lesions Soft Tissue Masses Infections: Abscess characterization and culture, tuberculosis Carcinoma of Unknown Primary Who Needs CT Guided Biopsy? Your physician may refer you for core needle biopsy in Delhi if: CT, MRI, or PET scan has revealed a suspicious lesion that requires tissue confirmation A lesion is too deep to be biopsied safely by physical examination or ultrasound You have a known cancer and a new lesion has appeared that needs tissue characterization Cancer has returned and repeat biopsy is needed for molecular profiling You need a diagnosis before starting chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy A pulmonary nodule requires tissue diagnosis to determine if it is malignant You have a liver lesion where the diagnosis is uncertain on imaging alone Suspected lymphoma requiring lymph node biopsy Symptoms and Findings That Lead to CT Guided Biopsy Unexplained weight loss with suspicious mass found on imaging Persistent cough or

The landscape of cancer imaging continues to evolve, and one of the newer developments is the Trivehexin PET Scan. Available at Neurad Diagnostics in Delhi, the 68Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT scan is an integrin-targeted molecular imaging study for cancer. By targeting integrin αvβ6 — a protein highly overexpressed in many epithelial cancers but absent in normal adult tissues — the Trivehexin PET Scan provides a specific, high-contrast method for cancer detection, staging, and treatment planning. This guide explains what you need to know about this diagnostic technology. Research published in leading journals endorsed by the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI) demonstrates the high potential of integrin-targeted PET imaging. The European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) actively supports research in novel molecular imaging tracers including Trivehexin for cancer detection. Trivehexin PET Scan at Neurad Diagnostics Delhi — Integrin αvβ6 cancer imaging Table of Contents What Is a Trivehexin PET Scan? Why Doctors Recommend the Trivehexin PET Scan Cancers and Conditions Detected by Trivehexin PET Scan Who Needs a Trivehexin PET Scan? Symptoms That May Lead to Trivehexin PET Scan How the Trivehexin PET Scan Procedure Works Preparation Before Your Trivehexin PET Scan Step-by-Step Trivehexin PET Scan Procedure at Neurad Diagnostics Advantages of Trivehexin PET Technology Accuracy and Clinical Benefits Safety Information Cost of Trivehexin PET Scan in Delhi NCR Why Choose Neurad Diagnostics for Trivehexin PET Scan in Delhi? Frequently Asked Questions About the Trivehexin PET Scan 1. What is integrin αvβ6? 2. Is Trivehexin PET better than FDG PET for pancreatic cancer? 3. Can Trivehexin PET detect peritoneal metastases? 4. Which lung cancer type benefits from Trivehexin PET? 5. What is the theranostic use of Trivehexin? 6. Is Trivehexin PET available in India? 7. How does Trivehexin compare to FAPI PET? 8. Is Trivehexin PET safe with chemotherapy? 9. How long does the Trivehexin PET Scan take? 10. Where can I get a Trivehexin PET Scan near me in Delhi NCR? Conclusion — Book Your Trivehexin PET Scan at Neurad Diagnostics Delhi What Is a Trivehexin PET Scan? The Trivehexin PET Scan, formally known as 68Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT, is an advanced nuclear medicine imaging procedure using a Gallium-68 labelled peptide tracer called Trivehexin — a highly specific ligand engineered to bind to Integrin αvβ6 (alpha-v beta-6 integrin). Integrin αvβ6 is a cell surface receptor that plays a critical role in cancer cell invasion, proliferation, and immune evasion. Crucially, αvβ6 is normally absent or expressed at very low levels in healthy adult epithelial tissues but is massively upregulated in a wide range of epithelial cancers — including pancreatic, lung, colorectal, gastric, cervical, ovarian, and head and neck cancers. This highly cancer-specific expression pattern of αvβ6 makes Trivehexin a promising diagnostic target. Because normal adult organs show minimal αvβ6 expression, background signal on the Trivehexin PET image is very low, allowing tumor sites to stand out with excellent contrast. Neurad Diagnostics is one of the centres in Delhi NCR offering integrin imaging for patients across India. Why Doctors Recommend the Trivehexin PET Scan Oncologists recommend the Trivehexin PET Scan primarily in clinical situations where conventional imaging provides incomplete or misleading staging information. A key scenario is pancreatic cancer — one of the most challenging cancers to image accurately. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma expresses extremely high levels of αvβ6, and early studies have compared Trivehexin PET with FDG PET for pancreatic cancer staging, particularly for identifying peritoneal metastases and small lymph node involvement that change resectability assessment. Similarly, for colorectal cancer peritoneal metastases — a critical staging question that determines whether patients are eligible for cytoreductive surgery — Trivehexin PET’s very low abdominal background makes it particularly useful. For lung adenocarcinoma, which uniformly expresses αvβ6, Trivehexin PET provides staging information and may help characterise pulmonary nodules. Additionally, αvβ6 expression on cancer cells is being actively investigated as a target for αvβ6-directed radionuclide therapy, making Trivehexin PET a potential theranostic partner for emerging αvβ6-targeted treatments. Cancers and Conditions Detected by Trivehexin PET Scan The Trivehexin PET Scan is applicable across multiple αvβ6-expressing cancer types: Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Very high αvβ6 expression — studied as an alternative to FDG PET for staging Lung Adenocarcinoma: Uniform αvβ6 expression makes Trivehexin a suitable tracer Colorectal Cancer: Particularly useful for peritoneal metastasis detection Gastric Cancer: High αvβ6 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma Cervical Cancer: αvβ6 strongly expressed in cervical squamous and adenocarcinoma Ovarian Cancer: Useful for peritoneal spread assessment Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Cholangiocarcinoma (Bile Duct Cancer) Bladder Cancer Who Needs a Trivehexin PET Scan? Your oncologist may recommend a Trivehexin PET Scan in Delhi in these clinical situations: Staging of pancreatic cancer — particularly to assess resectability and rule out peritoneal metastases Staging of lung adenocarcinoma with suspected mediastinal or distant spread Assessment of colorectal cancer peritoneal carcinomatosis extent before cytoreductive surgery Staging or restaging of any αvβ6-expressing cancer where FDG PET is insufficient Radiotherapy treatment planning requiring precise tumor volume definition Evaluation for αvβ6-targeted radionuclide therapy Carcinoma of unknown primary — to identify the primary tumor site Follow-up after treatment to detect early recurrence Symptoms That May Lead to Trivehexin PET Scan Abdominal pain, particularly epigastric or back pain (suggestive of pancreatic cancer) Jaundice (yellow skin/eyes) — biliary obstruction from pancreatic or bile duct cancer Unexplained weight loss Change in bowel habits Persistent cough or hemoptysis (lung cancer) Abnormal tumour markers (CA 19-9, CEA, SCC) Suspicious findings on CT/MRI requiring molecular characterization Known cancer with suspected but unconfirmed metastatic spread How the Trivehexin PET Scan Procedure Works The Trivehexin PET Scan operates through integrin receptor-mediated targeting. Trivehexin is an engineered bicyclic peptide (developed from the cyclic RGD peptide class) designed with high selectivity and affinity for integrin αvβ6. When labelled with Gallium-68 and injected intravenously, it circulates through the bloodstream and binds with high selectivity to αvβ6-expressing cancer cells throughout the body. The very low αvβ6 expression in normal adult tissues results in minimal background signal, while αvβ6-positive tumors and metastases accumulate the tracer and appear as bright focal areas on PET imaging.

Recurrent episodes of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), particularly after fasting or exercise, can be debilitating and dangerous. When all conventional causes have been excluded, one important diagnosis to consider is an insulinoma — a rare tumor of the pancreatic beta cells. Finding these tiny tumors has historically been one of the more challenging tasks in diagnostic imaging. The Exendin PET Scan, available at Neurad Diagnostics in Delhi, is a highly sensitive imaging tool for insulinoma localization, with reported sensitivity above that of conventional imaging. This guide explains everything you need to know about the 68Ga-Exendin PET/CT scan. Leading research centers including those affiliated with the Endocrine Society have studied 68Ga-Exendin PET for insulinoma localization, with studies in the Journal of the Endocrine Society confirming sensitivity rates exceeding 95%. Table of Contents What Is an Exendin PET Scan? Why Doctors Recommend the Exendin PET Scan Diseases and Conditions Diagnosed by the Exendin PET Scan Who Needs an Exendin PET Scan? Symptoms That May Lead to an Exendin PET Scan How the Exendin PET Scan Procedure Works Preparation Before Your Exendin PET Scan Step-by-Step Exendin PET Scan Procedure at Neurad Diagnostics Advantages of Exendin PET/CT Technology Accuracy and Clinical Benefits Safety Information Cost of Exendin PET Scan in Delhi NCR Why Choose Neurad Diagnostics for the Exendin PET Scan in Delhi? Frequently Asked Questions About the Exendin PET Scan 1. What is an insulinoma? 2. Why is the Exendin PET Scan used for insulinoma localisation? 3. Can Exendin PET find insulinomas that CT and MRI missed? 4. Is special preparation required for Exendin PET Scan? 5. Can Exendin PET detect malignant insulinomas? 6. Where can I get an Exendin PET Scan in India? 7. How long does the Exendin PET Scan take? 8. Is the Exendin PET Scan useful for children with congenital hyperinsulinism? 9. Does the Exendin PET Scan hurt? 10. What happens after an insulinoma is found on Exendin PET? Conclusion — Book Your Exendin PET Scan at Neurad Diagnostics Delhi What Is an Exendin PET Scan? The Exendin PET Scan, formally known as 68Ga-Exendin-4 PET/CT (or 68Ga-NOTA-Exendin-4 PET/CT), is a highly specialized nuclear medicine imaging procedure that uses a Gallium-68 labelled form of Exendin-4 — a peptide that binds selectively to incretin receptors — to detect and localize tumors expressing incretin receptors. These receptors are massively overexpressed (up to 460-fold) on insulinoma cells compared to normal pancreatic tissue, giving the Exendin PET Scan high sensitivity for this notoriously difficult-to-find tumor. Insulinomas are the most common functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, but they are typically very small (90% are less than 2 cm) and solitary. Their small size makes them invisible or very hard to find on CT, MRI, or even intraoperative ultrasound in a significant proportion of cases. The Exendin PET Scan solves this problem by imaging incretin receptor expression directly — lighting up insulinoma cells with clear contrast against the surrounding pancreatic tissue. At Neurad Diagnostics in Delhi, we offer this highly specialized imaging study, which is available at only a handful of centers across India. Why Doctors Recommend the Exendin PET Scan Endocrinologists, gastroenterologists, and endocrine surgeons recommend the Exendin PET Scan primarily for the preoperative localization of insulinomas in patients with confirmed endogenous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. The clinical challenge is significant: without precise preoperative localization, surgeons may need to perform extensive pancreatic exploration or even distal pancreatectomy based on intraoperative findings — increasing surgical risk and morbidity substantially. When the Exendin PET Scan localizes the tumor preoperatively, surgeons can plan a minimally invasive, targeted enucleation of the tumor, preserving pancreatic tissue and reducing surgical risk. Beyond insulinoma localization, the Exendin PET Scan also has emerging applications in incretin receptor-expressing NETs and in post-bariatric hypoglycemia (where diffuse beta cell hyperplasia may be distinguished from focal insulinoma). It is also being investigated for beta cell mass measurement in diabetes research contexts. Diseases and Conditions Diagnosed by the Exendin PET Scan Who Needs an Exendin PET Scan? Your endocrinologist or surgeon may refer you for an Exendin PET Scan in Delhi if: Symptoms That May Lead to an Exendin PET Scan The clinical presentation of insulinoma is characterized by Whipple’s Triad — the combination of hypoglycemic symptoms, documented low blood glucose, and relief of symptoms with glucose. Specific symptoms include: How the Exendin PET Scan Procedure Works The Exendin PET Scan works by exploiting the extraordinarily high expression of incretin receptors on insulinoma cells. Exendin-4 is a peptide that binds with extremely high affinity and selectivity to incretin receptors. When labelled with Gallium-68 and injected intravenously, it circulates through the blood and binds to incretin receptor-expressing cells — primarily insulinoma cells and normal beta cells of the pancreas. However, insulinoma cells express incretin receptors at levels far exceeding normal beta cells, creating a clearly detectable focal hotspot on the PET image that corresponds to the tumor location. A critical procedural consideration is that patients with insulinoma are at risk of hypoglycemia during the scan. To prevent this, a controlled glucose infusion is administered during the procedure. This requires careful medical supervision, which is one reason why this scan should only be performed at centers with expertise in both nuclear medicine and endocrine emergency management — such as Neurad Diagnostics in Delhi. Preparation Before Your Exendin PET Scan Due to the risk of hypoglycemia, preparation for the Exendin PET Scan at Neurad Diagnostics in Delhi is more complex than standard PET scans: Step-by-Step Exendin PET Scan Procedure at Neurad Diagnostics Advantages of Exendin PET/CT Technology Accuracy and Clinical Benefits The clinical evidence for Exendin PET Scan in insulinoma localization is strong. Landmark studies from European centres have demonstrated sensitivity rates of 90–97% for insulinoma detection — performance that significantly exceeds CT (50–60%), MRI (60–70%), and even endoscopic ultrasound (70–80%). Crucially, Exendin PET performs particularly well for tumors smaller than 1 cm, which are common in insulinoma and precisely where conventional imaging fails most frequently. In a study of 30 patients with biochemically confirmed insulinoma but negative or equivocal conventional imaging, Exendin

One of the newer developments in cancer imaging is the FAPI PET Scan. If your oncologist has recommended this advanced imaging study, or if you want to understand all your diagnostic options, this guide provides comprehensive information about the 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT scan available at Neurad Diagnostics in Delhi. The FAPI PET Scan is an important recent addition to oncologic imaging, offering a different way to visualize cancer that complements conventional FDG PET scanning. According to clinical research published in the Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 68Ga-FAPI PET demonstrates superior tumor-to-background contrast compared to FDG PET in multiple cancer types including gastric, pancreatic, and biliary cancers. The European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) recognizes FAPI imaging as a promising advancement in oncologic molecular imaging. FAPI PET Scan at Neurad Diagnostics Delhi — 68Ga-FAPI molecular imaging for multiple tumour types Table of Contents What Is a FAPI PET Scan? Why Doctors Recommend the FAPI PET Scan Cancers and Diseases Detected by the FAPI PET Scan Who Needs a FAPI PET Scan? Symptoms That May Lead to a FAPI PET Scan How the FAPI PET Scan Procedure Works Preparation Before Your FAPI PET Scan Step-by-Step FAPI PET Scan Procedure at Neurad Diagnostics Advantages of FAPI PET/CT Technology Accuracy and Clinical Benefits Safety Information Cost of FAPI PET Scan in Delhi NCR Why Choose Neurad Diagnostics for FAPI PET Scan in Delhi? Frequently Asked Questions About the FAPI PET Scan 1. What does FAPI stand for? 2. Is FAPI PET better than FDG PET? 3. Do I need to fast for a FAPI PET Scan? 4. Can FAPI PET detect peritoneal metastases? 5. Is FAPI PET used for treatment planning? 6. Can normal tissues show FAPI uptake? 7. How is FAPI PET different from DOTANOC PET? 8. Where can I get a FAPI PET Scan in Delhi? 9. Is FAPI PET Scan approved for routine use? 10. Can the FAPI PET Scan detect cancer recurrence? Conclusion — Book Your FAPI PET Scan at Neurad Diagnostics Delhi What Is a FAPI PET Scan? The FAPI PET Scan, formally known as 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT, is a nuclear medicine imaging study that uses a Gallium-68 labelled tracer called Fibroblast Activation Protein Inhibitor (FAPI). This tracer targets Fibroblast Activation Protein (FAP) — an enzyme that is massively overexpressed by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment of a wide variety of solid cancers. FAP is expressed at extremely low levels in normal healthy tissues, which gives the FAPI PET Scan exceptionally high tumor-to-background contrast — making tumors stand out brightly against a very clean background image. What makes FAPI unique is that it does not target the cancer cells directly but rather the reactive stromal cells that surround and support tumors. This is a completely different biological target from FDG (which measures glucose metabolism) or PSMA (which targets prostate cancer cells). As a result, the FAPI PET Scan can detect cancers that are FDG-negative, and can image tumors in locations with high background FDG activity (like the brain, liver, stomach, and inflamed tissues) with greater clarity. Neurad Diagnostics is one of the centres in Delhi NCR offering this diagnostic technology. Why Doctors Recommend the FAPI PET Scan Oncologists, radiation oncologists, and surgical oncologists recommend FAPI PET Scan in situations where conventional imaging fails or provides suboptimal information. Key clinical indications include: For cancers with low FDG avidity — such as mucinous tumors, well-differentiated carcinomas, or hepatocellular carcinoma — FAPI PET often detects disease that a standard FDG PET scan would miss entirely. For tumors in the liver, brain, or peritoneum where high normal tissue FDG uptake obscures lesions, FAPI’s very low background signal provides clearer visualization. For radiotherapy treatment planning, FAPI PET precisely delineates the extent of the tumor microenvironment, allowing more accurate target volume definition. And for patients being evaluated for FAP-targeted radionuclide therapy — an emerging treatment approach — FAPI PET confirms receptor expression and treatment eligibility. Cancers and Diseases Detected by the FAPI PET Scan The FAPI PET Scan is used across a wide range of solid tumors due to the near-universal overexpression of FAP in cancer-associated fibroblasts. High-performance cancers for FAPI imaging include: Gastric Cancer (Stomach Cancer): Among the highest FAP expression — FAPI PET performs well in this group Cholangiocarcinoma (Bile Duct Cancer): Very high FAP expression means FAPI can show clearer uptake than FDG in many cases Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: FAPI PET can be useful for this difficult-to-image cancer Lung Cancer: Both adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma show high FAPI uptake Breast Cancer: Particularly useful in lobular breast cancer where FDG uptake can be low Ovarian Cancer: High tumor-to-background contrast for peritoneal disease assessment Colorectal Cancer: Effective for staging and recurrence detection Head and Neck Cancers Esophageal Cancer Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) Sarcomas: High FAP expression in many subtypes Thyroid Cancer Carcinoma of Unknown Primary: FAPI PET can detect the primary tumor site missed by FDG Who Needs a FAPI PET Scan? Your doctor may recommend a FAPI PET Scan in Delhi in these clinical scenarios: FDG PET Scan was inconclusive or negative despite strong clinical suspicion of cancer Initial staging of cancers known to have high FAP expression (gastric, pancreatic, cholangiocarcinoma) Assessment of peritoneal carcinomatosis extent Radiotherapy treatment planning requiring precise tumor volume delineation Evaluation of cancer recurrence after treatment Carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP syndrome) Assessment of metastatic disease extent in complex anatomical regions (liver, brain) Evaluation for FAP-targeted radionuclide therapy eligibility Situations where inflammation confounds FDG PET interpretation Symptoms That May Lead to a FAPI PET Scan Unexplained abdominal pain or discomfort Unintentional significant weight loss Loss of appetite or early satiety Jaundice (yellow skin/eyes — suggestive of liver or bile duct pathology) Persistent cough or chest pain Abnormal tumour marker elevation (CA 19-9, CEA, AFP) Suspicious findings on CT or MRI requiring further characterization Fatigue and weakness not explained by other causes Palpable lymph node enlargement How the FAPI PET Scan Procedure Works The FAPI PET Scan works through a fundamentally different biological mechanism than FDG or PSMA PET. The

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men worldwide, and in India it represents a growing health challenge. If you or someone you love has been diagnosed with prostate cancer — or if PSA levels are rising after treatment — your urologist or oncologist may recommend a PSMA PET Scan. Available at Neurad Diagnostics in Delhi, the 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT scan is a highly sensitive imaging technique for prostate cancer detection, staging, and monitoring. This comprehensive guide explains everything you need to know about this scan and what to expect when you book your scan at Neurad Diagnostics. PSMA PET Scan at Neurad Diagnostics Delhi — Advanced prostate cancer molecular imaging Table of Contents What Is a PSMA PET Scan? Why Doctors Recommend the PSMA PET Scan Diseases and Conditions Diagnosed by the PSMA PET Scan Who Needs a PSMA PET Scan? Symptoms That May Lead to PSMA PET Scan How the PSMA PET Scan Works Preparation Before Your PSMA PET Scan Step-by-Step PSMA PET Scan Procedure at Neurad Diagnostics Advantages of Gallium-68 PSMA Technology Accuracy and Clinical Benefits of the PSMA PET Scan Safety Information Cost of PSMA PET Scan in Delhi NCR Choosing the Right Centre for a PSMA PET Scan in Delhi Why Choose Neurad Diagnostics for PSMA PET Scan in Delhi? Frequently Asked Questions About the PSMA PET Scan 1. What does PSMA stand for? 2. At what PSA level should I get a PSMA PET Scan? 3. Is the PSMA PET Scan better than a bone scan for prostate cancer? 4. Can the PSMA PET Scan be used for other cancers? 5. Does PSMA PET replace biopsy? 6. How is 68Ga-PSMA different from F-18 PSMA? 7. Will I be radioactive after the PSMA PET Scan? 8. How quickly will I get my PET/CT results? 9. Is PSMA PET Scan covered by insurance in India? 10. Where can I get a PSMA PET Scan in Delhi NCR? Conclusion — Book Your PSMA PET Scan at Neurad Diagnostics Delhi Today What Is a PSMA PET Scan? The PSMA PET Scan, formally known as 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT (or PSMA PET/CT), is a nuclear medicine imaging study that uses a Gallium-68 labelled tracer targeting Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) — a protein highly expressed on the surface of prostate cancer cells. When the tracer is injected into the bloodstream, it binds selectively to PSMA on prostate cancer cells throughout the body. The PET scanner detects the radioactive signal and creates detailed whole-body images showing exactly where prostate cancer cells are present — including primary tumor, lymph node involvement, bone metastases, and distant organ spread. PSMA PET Scan has significantly changed prostate cancer imaging. It was approved by the US FDA in 2020-2021 and has rapidly become the global standard for prostate cancer staging and restaging. The European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM), the American Urological Association (AUA), and leading oncology bodies worldwide now recommend PSMA PET/CT as first-line imaging for high-risk and recurrent prostate cancer. Why Doctors Recommend the PSMA PET Scan Urologists, oncologists, and radiation oncologists recommend the PSMA PET Scan because it provides information that conventional imaging often cannot. Traditional CT scans and bone scans miss the majority of prostate cancer metastases, particularly at low PSA levels — leading to under-staging, incorrect treatment selection, and missed opportunities for curative intervention. The PSMA PET Scan solves this problem by detecting disease at the molecular level, revealing metastases that are invisible on other scans. The clinical impact is significant: studies show that the PSMA PET Scan changes treatment management in 50-70% of patients compared to conventional imaging. It allows surgeons to target the right lymph nodes, enables radiation oncologists to treat all sites of disease, and identifies patients suitable for Lu-177 PSMA therapy — a form of targeted nuclear medicine treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Diseases and Conditions Diagnosed by the PSMA PET Scan The PSMA PET Scan is used across multiple stages of prostate cancer management: Primary staging: Assessment of newly diagnosed high-risk or intermediate-risk prostate cancer before surgery or radiation Biochemical recurrence: Detection of disease recurrence when PSA rises after radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy Metastatic prostate cancer: Mapping the full extent of disease spread to lymph nodes, bones, and organs Treatment response monitoring: Evaluating response to androgen deprivation therapy, chemotherapy, or targeted treatments PSMA-targeted therapy selection: Confirming eligibility for Lu-177 PSMA-617 (radioligand therapy) treatment Oligometastatic disease: Identifying limited metastases suitable for curative local treatment (metastasis-directed therapy) Who Needs a PSMA PET Scan? Your doctor may recommend a PSMA PET Scan in Delhi if you are in one of these situations: Newly diagnosed prostate cancer with high-risk features (PSA > 20, Gleason 8-10, or T3/T4 disease) Rising PSA after radical prostatectomy (even as low as 0.2 ng/mL) PSA rising after radiation therapy Known metastatic prostate cancer being re-staged Considering PSMA-targeted therapy (Lu-177 PSMA) Inconclusive findings on CT or bone scan Planning salvage lymph node dissection or salvage radiotherapy Monitoring response to systemic therapy Symptoms That May Lead to PSMA PET Scan While the PSMA PET Scan is often ordered based on PSA levels or pathological findings rather than symptoms alone, the following clinical presentations may prompt your doctor to consider this investigation: Difficulty urinating or weak urine stream Frequent urination, especially at night Blood in urine or semen Pelvic pain or discomfort Bone pain (back, hip, or thigh) — suggestive of bone metastases Unexplained weight loss Elevated PSA detected on routine blood test Abnormal digital rectal examination findings Erectile dysfunction with other concerning features How the PSMA PET Scan Works The PSMA PET Scan works through molecular targeting. Gallium-68 is chelated to the PSMA-11 (or PSMA-617) ligand — a molecule specifically designed to bind to PSMA protein overexpressed on prostate cancer cells. After intravenous injection, the radiolabelled PSMA ligand circulates through the bloodstream and binds with high affinity to PSMA-expressing cells throughout the body. Normal tissues show minimal PSMA expression (and hence minimal tracer uptake), while prostate cancer cells light up brightly on the PET images. The

If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with — or is suspected of having — a neuroendocrine tumor (NET), your oncologist or endocrinologist may recommend a DOTANOC PET Scan. Available at Neurad Diagnostics in Delhi, this advanced Gallium-68 scan is a highly sensitive imaging tool for detecting, staging, and monitoring neuroendocrine tumors anywhere in the body. In this comprehensive guide, we explain everything you need to know about the DOTANOC PET Scan — what it is, how it works, who needs it, and what to expect when you book at Neurad Diagnostics in Delhi NCR. DOTANOC PET Scan at Neurad Diagnostics, Delhi — Gallium-68 molecular imaging for neuroendocrine tumours Table of Contents What Is a DOTANOC PET Scan? Why Doctors Recommend the DOTANOC PET Scan Diseases Diagnosed by the DOTANOC PET Scan Who Needs This Test? Symptoms That May Require This Scan How the Procedure Works Preparation Before the DOTANOC PET Scan Step-by-Step DOTANOC PET Scan Procedure at Neurad Diagnostics Advantages of Gallium-68 DOTANOC Technology Accuracy and Clinical Benefits Safety Information Cost Factors for the DOTANOC PET Scan in Delhi NCR Choosing the Right Diagnostic Centre for a DOTANOC PET Scan in Delhi Why Choose Neurad Diagnostics for DOTANOC PET Scan in Delhi? Frequently Asked Questions About the DOTANOC PET Scan 1. What is a DOTANOC PET Scan? 2. How is DOTANOC different from FDG PET Scan? 3. How long does the DOTANOC PET Scan take? 4. Is the DOTANOC PET Scan painful? 5. Do I need to stop my somatostatin analogue before the DOTANOC scan? 6. What is the radiation dose from the DOTANOC PET Scan? 7. Can DOTANOC PET Scan detect metastatic NETs? 8. Is the DOTANOC PET Scan used before PRRT treatment? 9. Where can I get a DOTANOC PET Scan in Delhi NCR? 10. How soon will I get my DOTANOC PET Scan report? Conclusion — Book Your DOTANOC PET Scan at Neurad Diagnostics Today What Is a DOTANOC PET Scan? The DOTANOC PET Scan, formally known as the 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT scan, is a type of nuclear medicine imaging study that uses a radioactive tracer called Gallium-68 DOTANOC. This tracer is a somatostatin analogue — meaning it binds specifically to somatostatin receptors (SSTR2, SSTR3, and SSTR5) that are overexpressed on the surface of neuroendocrine tumor cells. When injected into the patient’s bloodstream, the Gallium-68 tracer accumulates in areas of the body where NETs are present and emits positron radiation that is detected by the PET/CT scanner, producing highly detailed three-dimensional images of tumor location, size, and spread. Unlike conventional FDG-PET scans used for most cancers, the DOTANOC PET/CT is specifically engineered for neuroendocrine tumors, which often go undetected on standard imaging. It is considered the gold standard diagnostic tool for NETs worldwide and is endorsed by leading nuclear medicine bodies including the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) and the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI). Why Doctors Recommend the DOTANOC PET Scan Oncologists, endocrinologists, and gastroenterologists recommend the DOTANOC PET Scan for a range of critical clinical reasons. First, it provides whole-body staging of neuroendocrine tumors in a single session, something that multiple CT, MRI, or ultrasound studies cannot achieve. Second, it helps determine whether a patient is eligible for Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy (PRRT) — a targeted nuclear medicine treatment for NETs — by confirming adequate somatostatin receptor expression. Third, it is used to monitor how well treatment is working and to detect recurrence early. Doctors across India rely on this scan for its high sensitivity and specificity. Clinical studies have repeatedly shown detection rates exceeding 90% for well-differentiated NETs. In the Indian context, where many patients present late, this test provides a critical advantage in catching tumors before they spread further. Diseases Diagnosed by the DOTANOC PET Scan The DOTANOC PET Scan is primarily used to diagnose and evaluate a broad range of somatostatin receptor-positive tumors. These include: Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (GEP-NETs) — tumors of the stomach, small intestine, colon, rectum, and pancreas Pancreatic NETs (pNETs) — including insulinomas and gastrinomas Carcinoid Tumors — slow-growing NETs of the digestive tract and lungs Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma — adrenal and extra-adrenal chromaffin cell tumors Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma — thyroid cancer expressing somatostatin receptors Small Cell Lung Cancer — neuroendocrine tumors of the lung Merkel Cell Carcinoma — rare skin neuroendocrine tumor Neuroblastoma and Meningioma — especially for receptor scintigraphy Who Needs This Test? Your doctor may recommend a DOTANOC PET Scan in Delhi if you fall into one or more of these categories: You have been diagnosed with a neuroendocrine tumor and need staging You have unexplained elevated chromogranin A, serotonin, or urinary 5-HIAA levels You experience symptoms suggestive of carcinoid syndrome (flushing, diarrhea, palpitations) You have a known NET and are being evaluated for PRRT treatment You are being followed up after NET surgery or treatment You have a pancreatic mass with features suggesting a functional or non-functional NET You have suspected pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma Your oncologist wants to rule out metastases from a primary NET Symptoms That May Require This Scan Neuroendocrine tumors often produce hormones that cause a distinct set of symptoms. If you experience any of the following, your physician may order a DOTANOC PET Scan: Unexplained episodes of skin flushing (redness of face and neck) Chronic or intermittent diarrhea not explained by other causes Abdominal pain or bloating Unexplained weight loss Wheezing or breathlessness (carcinoid syndrome) High blood pressure episodes (pheochromocytoma) Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia from insulinoma) Peptic ulcers resistant to treatment (Zollinger-Ellison syndrome from gastrinoma) Fatigue and general weakness How the Procedure Works The 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT scan works through molecular imaging. Gallium-68 is a cyclotron-produced or generator-produced radioactive isotope with a half-life of approximately 68 minutes. It is chelated to the peptide DOTANOC (DOTA-1-Nal3-somatostatin analogue), which has a high affinity for somatostatin receptors subtype 2, 3, and 5. Once injected intravenously, this labelled compound travels through the bloodstream and preferentially accumulates in cells with high somatostatin receptor density — primarily NET cells — while